Integrating Peter Fleury's HD44780 LCD library (#3209)

* integrated Peter Fleury's LCD library for HD44780 LCDs

* fixed typo

* cleanup finished

* add documentation

* added HD44780 documentation

* removed keyboard from .gitmodules

* resolved merge conflict

* removed edit of kira75s rules.mk made by merge

* moved hd44780 to drivers/avr

* Added licence info to hd44780 files

* Added link to hd44780 docs.

1 files changed, 592 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/drivers/avr/hd44780.c b/drivers/avr/hd44780.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..51414d8f91
--- /dev/null
+++ b/drivers/avr/hd44780.c
@@ -0,0 +1,592 @@
+/****************************************************************************
+ Title:     HD44780U LCD library
+ Author:    Peter Fleury <pfleury@gmx.ch>  http://tinyurl.com/peterfleury
+ License:   GNU General Public License Version 3
+ File:	    $Id: lcd.c,v 1.15.2.2 2015/01/17 12:16:05 peter Exp $
+ Software:  AVR-GCC 3.3 
+ Target:    any AVR device, memory mapped mode only for AT90S4414/8515/Mega
+
+ DESCRIPTION
+       Basic routines for interfacing a HD44780U-based text lcd display
+
+       Originally based on Volker Oth's lcd library,
+       changed lcd_init(), added additional constants for lcd_command(),
+       added 4-bit I/O mode, improved and optimized code.
+
+       Library can be operated in memory mapped mode (LCD_IO_MODE=0) or in 
+       4-bit IO port mode (LCD_IO_MODE=1). 8-bit IO port mode not supported.
+       
+       Memory mapped mode compatible with Kanda STK200, but supports also
+       generation of R/W signal through A8 address line.
+
+ USAGE
+       See the C include lcd.h file for a description of each function
+       
+*****************************************************************************/
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <avr/io.h>
+#include <avr/pgmspace.h>
+#include <util/delay.h>
+#include "hd44780.h"
+
+/* 
+** constants/macros 
+*/
+#define DDR(x) (*(&x - 1))      /* address of data direction register of port x */
+#if defined(__AVR_ATmega64__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega128__)
+    /* on ATmega64/128 PINF is on port 0x00 and not 0x60 */
+    #define PIN(x) ( &PORTF==&(x) ? _SFR_IO8(0x00) : (*(&x - 2)) )
+#else
+	#define PIN(x) (*(&x - 2))    /* address of input register of port x          */
+#endif
+
+
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+#define lcd_e_delay()   _delay_us(LCD_DELAY_ENABLE_PULSE)
+#define lcd_e_high()    LCD_E_PORT  |=  _BV(LCD_E_PIN);
+#define lcd_e_low()     LCD_E_PORT  &= ~_BV(LCD_E_PIN);
+#define lcd_e_toggle()  toggle_e()
+#define lcd_rw_high()   LCD_RW_PORT |=  _BV(LCD_RW_PIN)
+#define lcd_rw_low()    LCD_RW_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_RW_PIN)
+#define lcd_rs_high()   LCD_RS_PORT |=  _BV(LCD_RS_PIN)
+#define lcd_rs_low()    LCD_RS_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_RS_PIN)
+#endif
+
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+#if LCD_LINES==1
+#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT    LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE 
+#else
+#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT    LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_2LINES 
+#endif
+#else
+#if LCD_LINES==1
+#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT    LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE
+#else
+#define LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT    LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_2LINES
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if LCD_CONTROLLER_KS0073
+#if LCD_LINES==4
+
+#define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON  0x2C   /* |0|010|1100 4-bit mode, extension-bit RE = 1 */
+#define KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF 0x28   /* |0|010|1000 4-bit mode, extension-bit RE = 0 */
+#define KS0073_4LINES_MODE                    0x09   /* |0|000|1001 4 lines mode */
+
+#endif
+#endif
+
+/* 
+** function prototypes 
+*/
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+static void toggle_e(void);
+#endif
+
+/*
+** local functions
+*/
+
+
+/************************************************************************* 
+delay for a minimum of <us> microseconds
+the number of loops is calculated at compile-time from MCU clock frequency
+*************************************************************************/
+#define delay(us)  _delay_us(us) 
+
+
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+/* toggle Enable Pin to initiate write */
+static void toggle_e(void)
+{
+    lcd_e_high();
+    lcd_e_delay();
+    lcd_e_low();
+}
+#endif
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Low-level function to write byte to LCD controller
+Input:    data   byte to write to LCD
+          rs     1: write data    
+                 0: write instruction
+Returns:  none
+*************************************************************************/
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+static void lcd_write(uint8_t data,uint8_t rs) 
+{
+    unsigned char dataBits ;
+
+
+    if (rs) {        /* write data        (RS=1, RW=0) */
+       lcd_rs_high();
+    } else {         /* write instruction (RS=0, RW=0) */
+       lcd_rs_low();
+    }
+    lcd_rw_low();    /* RW=0  write mode      */
+
+    if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT )
+      && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) )
+    {
+        /* configure data pins as output */
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x0F;
+
+        /* output high nibble first */
+        dataBits = LCD_DATA0_PORT & 0xF0;
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits |((data>>4)&0x0F);
+        lcd_e_toggle();
+
+        /* output low nibble */
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits | (data&0x0F);
+        lcd_e_toggle();
+
+        /* all data pins high (inactive) */
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT = dataBits | 0x0F;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* configure data pins as output */
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+        
+        /* output high nibble first */
+        LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x80) LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x40) LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x20) LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x10) LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);   
+        lcd_e_toggle();
+        
+        /* output low nibble */
+        LCD_DATA3_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA2_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA1_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x08) LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x04) LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x02) LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+    	if(data & 0x01) LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+        lcd_e_toggle();        
+        
+        /* all data pins high (inactive) */
+        LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA2_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        LCD_DATA3_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+    }
+}
+#else
+#define lcd_write(d,rs) if (rs) *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA) = d; else *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION) = d;
+/* rs==0 -> write instruction to LCD_IO_FUNCTION */
+/* rs==1 -> write data to LCD_IO_DATA */
+#endif
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Low-level function to read byte from LCD controller
+Input:    rs     1: read data    
+                 0: read busy flag / address counter
+Returns:  byte read from LCD controller
+*************************************************************************/
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+static uint8_t lcd_read(uint8_t rs) 
+{
+    uint8_t data;
+    
+    
+    if (rs)
+        lcd_rs_high();                       /* RS=1: read data      */
+    else
+        lcd_rs_low();                        /* RS=0: read busy flag */
+    lcd_rw_high();                           /* RW=1  read mode      */
+    
+    if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT )
+      && ( LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 )&& (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) )
+    {
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) &= 0xF0;         /* configure data pins as input */
+        
+        lcd_e_high();
+        lcd_e_delay();        
+        data = PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) << 4;     /* read high nibble first */
+        lcd_e_low();
+        
+        lcd_e_delay();                       /* Enable 500ns low       */
+        
+        lcd_e_high();
+        lcd_e_delay();
+        data |= PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT)&0x0F;    /* read low nibble        */
+        lcd_e_low();
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* configure data pins as input */
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+                
+        /* read high nibble first */
+        lcd_e_high();
+        lcd_e_delay();        
+        data = 0;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x10;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x20;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x40;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x80;
+        lcd_e_low();
+
+        lcd_e_delay();                       /* Enable 500ns low       */
+    
+        /* read low nibble */    
+        lcd_e_high();
+        lcd_e_delay();
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA0_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN) ) data |= 0x01;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA1_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN) ) data |= 0x02;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA2_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN) ) data |= 0x04;
+        if ( PIN(LCD_DATA3_PORT) & _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN) ) data |= 0x08;        
+        lcd_e_low();
+    }
+    return data;
+}
+#else
+#define lcd_read(rs) (rs) ? *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_DATA+LCD_IO_READ) : *(volatile uint8_t*)(LCD_IO_FUNCTION+LCD_IO_READ)
+/* rs==0 -> read instruction from LCD_IO_FUNCTION */
+/* rs==1 -> read data from LCD_IO_DATA */
+#endif
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+loops while lcd is busy, returns address counter
+*************************************************************************/
+static uint8_t lcd_waitbusy(void)
+
+{
+    register uint8_t c;
+    
+    /* wait until busy flag is cleared */
+    while ( (c=lcd_read(0)) & (1<<LCD_BUSY)) {}
+    
+    /* the address counter is updated 4us after the busy flag is cleared */
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_BUSY_FLAG);
+
+    /* now read the address counter */
+    return (lcd_read(0));  // return address counter
+    
+}/* lcd_waitbusy */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Move cursor to the start of next line or to the first line if the cursor 
+is already on the last line.
+*************************************************************************/
+static inline void lcd_newline(uint8_t pos)
+{
+    register uint8_t addressCounter;
+
+
+#if LCD_LINES==1
+    addressCounter = 0;
+#endif
+#if LCD_LINES==2
+    if ( pos < (LCD_START_LINE2) )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
+    else
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
+#endif
+#if LCD_LINES==4
+#if KS0073_4LINES_MODE
+    if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE2 )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
+    else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE3) )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3;
+    else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4;
+    else 
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
+#else
+    if ( pos < LCD_START_LINE3 )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE2;
+    else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE2) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE4) )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE3;
+    else if ( (pos >= LCD_START_LINE3) && (pos < LCD_START_LINE2) )
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE4;
+    else 
+        addressCounter = LCD_START_LINE1;
+#endif
+#endif
+    lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+addressCounter);
+
+}/* lcd_newline */
+
+
+/*
+** PUBLIC FUNCTIONS 
+*/
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Send LCD controller instruction command
+Input:   instruction to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
+Returns: none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_command(uint8_t cmd)
+{
+    lcd_waitbusy();
+    lcd_write(cmd,0);
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Send data byte to LCD controller 
+Input:   data to send to LCD controller, see HD44780 data sheet
+Returns: none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_data(uint8_t data)
+{
+    lcd_waitbusy();
+    lcd_write(data,1);
+}
+
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Set cursor to specified position
+Input:    x  horizontal position  (0: left most position)
+          y  vertical position    (0: first line)
+Returns:  none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_gotoxy(uint8_t x, uint8_t y)
+{
+#if LCD_LINES==1
+    lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
+#endif
+#if LCD_LINES==2
+    if ( y==0 ) 
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
+    else
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x);
+#endif
+#if LCD_LINES==4
+    if ( y==0 )
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1+x);
+    else if ( y==1)
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2+x);
+    else if ( y==2)
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3+x);
+    else /* y==3 */
+        lcd_command((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4+x);
+#endif
+
+}/* lcd_gotoxy */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+*************************************************************************/
+int lcd_getxy(void)
+{
+    return lcd_waitbusy();
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Clear display and set cursor to home position
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_clrscr(void)
+{
+    lcd_command(1<<LCD_CLR);
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Set cursor to home position
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_home(void)
+{
+    lcd_command(1<<LCD_HOME);
+}
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Display character at current cursor position 
+Input:    character to be displayed                                       
+Returns:  none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_putc(char c)
+{
+    uint8_t pos;
+
+
+    pos = lcd_waitbusy();   // read busy-flag and address counter
+    if (c=='\n')
+    {
+        lcd_newline(pos);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+#if LCD_WRAP_LINES==1
+#if LCD_LINES==1
+        if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
+        }
+#elif LCD_LINES==2
+        if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0);    
+        }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ){
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
+        }
+#elif LCD_LINES==4
+        if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE1+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE2,0);    
+        }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE2+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE3,0);
+        }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE3+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE4,0);
+        }else if ( pos == LCD_START_LINE4+LCD_DISP_LENGTH ) {
+            lcd_write((1<<LCD_DDRAM)+LCD_START_LINE1,0);
+        }
+#endif
+        lcd_waitbusy();
+#endif
+        lcd_write(c, 1);
+    }
+
+}/* lcd_putc */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Display string without auto linefeed 
+Input:    string to be displayed
+Returns:  none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_puts(const char *s)
+/* print string on lcd (no auto linefeed) */
+{
+    register char c;
+
+    while ( (c = *s++) ) {
+        lcd_putc(c);
+    }
+
+}/* lcd_puts */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Display string from program memory without auto linefeed 
+Input:     string from program memory be be displayed                                        
+Returns:   none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_puts_p(const char *progmem_s)
+/* print string from program memory on lcd (no auto linefeed) */
+{
+    register char c;
+
+    while ( (c = pgm_read_byte(progmem_s++)) ) {
+        lcd_putc(c);
+    }
+
+}/* lcd_puts_p */
+
+
+/*************************************************************************
+Initialize display and select type of cursor 
+Input:    dispAttr LCD_DISP_OFF            display off
+                   LCD_DISP_ON             display on, cursor off
+                   LCD_DISP_ON_CURSOR      display on, cursor on
+                   LCD_DISP_CURSOR_BLINK   display on, cursor on flashing
+Returns:  none
+*************************************************************************/
+void lcd_init(uint8_t dispAttr)
+{
+#if LCD_IO_MODE
+    /*
+     *  Initialize LCD to 4 bit I/O mode
+     */
+     
+    if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT )
+      && ( &LCD_RS_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT) && ( &LCD_RW_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT) && (&LCD_E_PORT == &LCD_DATA0_PORT)
+      && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 ) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) 
+      && (LCD_RS_PIN == 4 ) && (LCD_RW_PIN == 5) && (LCD_E_PIN == 6 ) )
+    {
+        /* configure all port bits as output (all LCD lines on same port) */
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x7F;
+    }
+    else if ( ( &LCD_DATA0_PORT == &LCD_DATA1_PORT) && ( &LCD_DATA1_PORT == &LCD_DATA2_PORT ) && ( &LCD_DATA2_PORT == &LCD_DATA3_PORT )
+           && (LCD_DATA0_PIN == 0 ) && (LCD_DATA1_PIN == 1) && (LCD_DATA2_PIN == 2) && (LCD_DATA3_PIN == 3) )
+    {
+        /* configure all port bits as output (all LCD data lines on same port, but control lines on different ports) */
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= 0x0F;
+        DDR(LCD_RS_PORT)    |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_RW_PORT)    |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_E_PORT)     |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN);
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        /* configure all port bits as output (LCD data and control lines on different ports */
+        DDR(LCD_RS_PORT)    |= _BV(LCD_RS_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_RW_PORT)    |= _BV(LCD_RW_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_E_PORT)     |= _BV(LCD_E_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA0_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA1_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA2_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA2_PIN);
+        DDR(LCD_DATA3_PORT) |= _BV(LCD_DATA3_PIN);
+    }
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP);             /* wait 16ms or more after power-on       */
+    
+    /* initial write to lcd is 8bit */
+    LCD_DATA1_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA1_PIN);    // LCD_FUNCTION>>4;
+    LCD_DATA0_PORT |= _BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);    // LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT>>4;
+    lcd_e_toggle();
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT);               /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
+   
+    /* repeat last command */ 
+    lcd_e_toggle();      
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP);           /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
+    
+    /* repeat last command a third time */
+    lcd_e_toggle();      
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP);           /* delay, busy flag can't be checked here */
+
+    /* now configure for 4bit mode */
+    LCD_DATA0_PORT &= ~_BV(LCD_DATA0_PIN);   // LCD_FUNCTION_4BIT_1LINE>>4
+    lcd_e_toggle();
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_4BIT);          /* some displays need this additional delay */
+    
+    /* from now the LCD only accepts 4 bit I/O, we can use lcd_command() */    
+#else
+    /*
+     * Initialize LCD to 8 bit memory mapped mode
+     */
+    
+    /* enable external SRAM (memory mapped lcd) and one wait state */        
+    MCUCR = _BV(SRE) | _BV(SRW);
+
+    /* reset LCD */
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_BOOTUP);                    /* wait 16ms after power-on     */
+    lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0);   /* function set: 8bit interface */                   
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT);                      /* wait 5ms                     */
+    lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0);   /* function set: 8bit interface */                 
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP);                  /* wait 64us                    */
+    lcd_write(LCD_FUNCTION_8BIT_1LINE,0);   /* function set: 8bit interface */                
+    delay(LCD_DELAY_INIT_REP);                  /* wait 64us                    */
+#endif
+
+#if KS0073_4LINES_MODE
+    /* Display with KS0073 controller requires special commands for enabling 4 line mode */
+	lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_ON);
+	lcd_command(KS0073_4LINES_MODE);
+	lcd_command(KS0073_EXTENDED_FUNCTION_REGISTER_OFF);
+#else
+    lcd_command(LCD_FUNCTION_DEFAULT);      /* function set: display lines  */
+#endif
+    lcd_command(LCD_DISP_OFF);              /* display off                  */
+    lcd_clrscr();                           /* display clear                */ 
+    lcd_command(LCD_MODE_DEFAULT);          /* set entry mode               */
+    lcd_command(dispAttr);                  /* display/cursor control       */
+
+}/* lcd_init */
+