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+#Planck Advanced (but not too advanced) `cygwin` Users Guide
+If you are a user of the [cygwin environment](https://cygwin.com) in Windows and want the freedom to use the latest tools available, then this is the guide for you. If compiling your own copy of the latest and greatest Gnu C Compiler makes you super happy, then this is the guide for you. If the command line make you smile, then this is the guide for you.
+
+This guide was written step by step as I went through the process on a `Windows 10` `x86_64` and a `Windows 7` `amd k10` based system.  This should be generally applicable to to any `Windows` environment with `cygwin`.
+
+#####Do not skip steps. Do not move past a step until the previous step finishes successfully.
+
+Based on [avr-libc installation guide](http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/user-manual/install_tools.html)
+
+##Get the Required Packages
+Download the `cygwin` setup ([x86_64](https://cygwin.com/setup-x86_64.exe)) and install the default system plus the following if they are not already selected:
+- devel/git
+- devel/gcc-core
+- devel/gcc-g++
+- devel/flex
+- devel/bison
+- devel/make
+- devel/texinfo
+- devel/gettext-devel
+- devel/automake
+- devel/autoconfig
+- devel/libtool
+- text/gettext
+- libs/libgcc1
+- interpreters/m4
+- web/wget
+- archive/unzip
+
+The following sources will be required:
+- [gmp](https://gmplib.org/) (6.1.0)
+- [mpfr](http://www.mpfr.org/) (3.1.4)
+- [mpc](http://www.multiprecision.org/) (1.0.3) 
+- [binutils](https://www.sourceware.org/binutils/) (2.26)
+- [gcc](https://gcc.gnu.org/) (5.3.0)
+- [avr-libc](http://www.nongnu.org/avr-libc/) (2.0.0)
+
+The `dfu-programmer` will be required to flash the new firmware 
+- [dfu-programmer](https://dfu-programmer.github.io/) (0.7.2)
+
+The set of commands below will create a directory (`~/local/avr`) for the sources you compile to be installed on the machine and a directory (`~/src`) for these source files to be stored. The commands then download the sources of the needed packages and unpack them. Note: the expand commands are different depending on if the packages are offered as a `bz2` or `gz` archive
+```
+$ mkdir ~/local
+$ mkdir ~/local/avr
+$ mkdir ~/src
+$ cd ~/src
+$ wget https://gmplib.org/download/gmp/gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
+$ wget http://www.mpfr.org/mpfr-3.1.4/mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
+$ wget ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/mpc/mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
+$ wget http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/binutils/binutils-2.26.tar.gz
+$ wget http://mirror0.babylon.network/gcc/releases/gcc-5.3.0/gcc-5.3.0.tar.gz
+$ wget http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/avr-libc/avr-libc-2.0.0.tar.bz2
+$ tar -xjf gmp-6.1.0.tar.bz2
+$ tar -xjf mpfr-3.1.4.tar.bz2
+$ tar -zxf mpc-1.0.3.tar.gz
+$ tar -zxf binutils-2.26.tar.gz
+$ tar -zxf gcc-5.3.0.tar.gz
+$ tar -xjf avr-libc-2.0.0.tar.bz2 
+```
+
+##Setup the Build Environment
+These commands will set up the install directory and the `PATH` variable, which will allow you to access your installed packages.  Note: if you close the `cygwin` terminal window, you will need to rerun these commands, they are not permanent.
+```
+$ PREFIX=$HOME/local/avr
+$ export PREFIX
+$ PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/lib:/usr/local/include:/bin:/lib:/cygdrive/c/WINDOWS/system32:/cygdrive/c/WINDOWS
+$ PATH=$PATH:$PREFIX/bin:$PREFIX/lib
+$ export PATH
+```
+
+##The `gcc` Required Math Library Packages
+The following packages are required to be complied and installed in order to compile `gcc`.  They are not sufficiently available through the `cygwin` package system, so we have to make them ourselves.  They must be complied in this order because each one depends on the previous. Verfiy that for each package, `make check` returns all passing and no fails.
+
+###Build and Install `gmp`
+```
+$ cd ~/src/gmp-6.1.0
+$ ./configure --enable-static --disable-shared
+$ make
+$ make check
+$ make install
+```
+
+###Build and Install `mpfr`
+```
+$ cd ~/src/mpfr-3.1.4
+$ ./configure --with-gmp-build=../gmp-6.1.0 --enable-static --disable-shared
+$ make
+$ make check
+$ make install
+```
+
+###Build and Install `mpc`
+```
+$ cd ~/src/mpc-1.0.3
+$ ./configure --with-gmp=/usr/local --with-mpfr=/usr/local --enable-static --disable-shared
+$ make
+$ make check
+$ make install
+```
+
+##OPTIONAL Part
+You can build and install a brand new `gcc` or you can use the one supplied by `cygwin`.  This will take about 4-5 hours to compile (It is a "native build", so it does the entire build **3 times**. This takes a long while).
+
+###Build and Install `gcc` for Your Machine  
+```
+$ cd ~/src/gcc-5.3.0
+$ mkdir obj-local
+$ cd obj-local
+$ ../configure --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/usr/local --with-mpfr=/usr/local --with-mpc=/usr/local --enable-static --disable-shared
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+##End OPTIONAL Part
+
+###Build and Install `binutils` for Your Machine
+```
+$ cd ~/src/binutils-2.26
+$ mkdir obj-local
+$ cd obj-local
+$ ../configure
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+##Buliding `binutils`, `gcc`, and `avr-libc` for the AVR system
+Now we can make the critical stuff for compiling our firmware: `binutils`, `gcc`, and `avr-libc` for the AVR architecture.  These allow us to build and manipulate the firmware for the keyboard.
+
+###Build `binutils` for AVR
+If you plan to build and install `avr-gdb` also, use the `gdb` install at the end of this guide as it also builds the `binutils`
+```
+$ cd ~/src/binutils-2.26
+$ mkdir obj-avr
+$ cd obj-avr
+$ ../configure --prefix=$PREFIX --target=avr --disable-nls
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+###Build `gcc` for AVR
+```
+$ cd ~/src/gcc-5.3.0
+$ mkdir obj-avr
+$ cd obj-avr
+$ ../configure --prefix=$PREFIX --target=avr --enable-languages=c,c++ --with-gmp=/usr/local --with-mpfr=/usr/local --with-mpc=/usr/local --enable-static --disable-shared --disable-nls --disable-libssp --with-dwarf2
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+###Build `avr-libc` for AVR
+For building the `avr-libc`, we have to specify the host build system.  In my case it is `x86_64-unknown-cygwin`. You can look for build system type in the `gcc` configure notes for the proper `--build` specification to pass when you configure `avr-libc`.
+```
+$ cd ~/src/avr-libc-2.0.0
+$ ./configure --prefix=$PREFIX --build=x86_64-unknown-cygwin --host=avr
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+##Building 'dfu-programmer' for flashing the firmware via USB and installing the drivers
+We can either build our own, or use the precomplied binaries.  The precompiled binaries don't play well with `cygwin` so it is better to build them ourselves.  The procedure for the precompiled binaries is included at the end of this guide.
+
+### Build and Install the `libusb`
+The `dfu-programmer` requires `libusb` so that it can interact with the USB system. These repos must be bootstrapped in order to create an appropriate `./configure` and `Makefile` for your system.
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ git clone https://github.com/libusb/libusb.git
+$ cd libusb
+$ ./bootstrap.sh
+$ ./configure
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+### Build and Install the `dfu-programmer`
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ git clone https://github.com/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer.git
+$ cd dfu-programmer
+$ ./bootstrap.sh
+$ ./configure
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+Verify the installation with:
+```
+$ which dfu-programmer
+/usr/local/bin/dfu-programmer
+
+$ dfu-programmer
+dfu-programmer 0.7.2
+https://github.com/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer
+Type 'dfu-programmer --help'    for a list of commands
+     'dfu-programmer --targets' to list supported target devices
+```
+If you are not getting the above result, you will not be able to flash the firmware! 
+
+###Install the USB drivers
+The drivers are included in the windows binary version of [`dfu-programmer` 0.7.2](http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer/0.7.2/dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2.zip).
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ wget http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer/0.7.2/dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2.zip
+$ unzip dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2.zip -d dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2
+```
+
+or
+
+The official drivers are found in [Atmel's `FLIP` installer](http://www.atmel.com/images/Flip%20Installer%20-%203.4.7.112.exe). Download and then install `FLIP`. Upon installation, the drivers will be found in `C:\Program Files (x86)\Atmel\Flip 3.4.7\usb`.
+
+Then, from an **administrator-privileged** `Windows` terminal, run the following command (adjust the path for username, etc. as necessary) and accept the prompt that pops up:
+```
+C:\> pnputil -i -a C:\cygwin64\home\Kevin\src\dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2\dfu-prog-usb-1.2.2\atmel_usb_dfu.inf
+or
+C:\> pnputil -i -a "C:\Program Files (x86)\Atmel\Flip 3.4.7\usb\atmel_usb_dfu.inf"
+```
+
+This should be the result:
+```
+Microsoft PnP Utility
+
+Processing inf :            atmel_usb_dfu.inf
+Successfully installed the driver on a device on the system.
+Driver package added successfully.
+Published name :            oem104.inf
+
+
+Total attempted:              1
+Number successfully imported: 1
+```
+
+Alternatively, the `Windows` driver can be installed when prompted by `Windows` when the keyboard is attached. Do not let `Windows` search for a driver; specify the path to search for a driver and point it to the `atmel_usb_dfu.inf` file.
+
+##Building and Flashing the Planck firmware!
+If you did everything else right. This part should be a snap! Grab the latest sources from `github`, make the Plank firmware, then flash it.
+
+###Build Planck and Load the Firmware
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ git clone https://github.com/qmk/qmk_firmware.git
+$ cd qmk_firmware/keyboards/planck
+$ make
+```
+
+Make sure there are no errors.  You should end up with this or something similar:
+```
+Creating load file for Flash: planck.hex
+avr-objcopy -O ihex -R .eeprom -R .fuse -R .lock -R .signature planck.elf planck.hex
+
+Creating load file for EEPROM: planck.eep
+avr-objcopy -j .eeprom --set-section-flags=.eeprom="alloc,load" \
+--change-section-lma .eeprom=0 --no-change-warnings -O ihex planck.elf planck.eep || exit 0
+
+Creating Extended Listing: planck.lss
+avr-objdump -h -S -z planck.elf > planck.lss
+
+Creating Symbol Table: planck.sym
+avr-nm -n planck.elf > planck.sym
+
+Size after:
+   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
+  18602      82     155   18839    4997 planck.elf
+
+-------- end --------
+```
+
+If you do not get the above, you **did not** build the firmware, and you will have nothing to flash.  If you have the fresh clone from `github`, it was probably something gone wrong in this install process, go check and see what didn't work and threw errors or what steps you might have missed.
+
+But if everything went OK, you are ready to flash! Press the reset button on the bottom of the Planck, wait two seconds, then:
+```
+$ make dfu
+```
+.
+.
+.
+profit!!!
+
+
+
+
+
+##extra bits...
+
+###Installing Precompiled `dfu-programmer` Binaries (not recommended for `cygwin`)
+To install the `dfu-programmer` from the binaries, we must get if from [the `dfu-programmer` website](https://dfu-programmer.github.io/) ([0.7.2](http://iweb.dl.sourceforge.net/project/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer/0.7.2/dfu-programmer-win-0.7.2.zip)).
+
+Copy this file into your `cygwin` home\src directory.  (For me, it is `C:\cygwin64\home\Kevin\src`), extract the files, move `dfu-programmer.exe` to `~/local/avr/bin`. Most obnoxiously, the `libusb0_x86.dll` and `libusb0.sys` need to be moved from  `./dfu-prog-usb-1.2.2/x86/` to a directory in the `Windows` `PATH` and the `cygwin` `PATH`. This is because the `dfu-programmer` binary is `mingw` based, not `cygwin` based, so the `dlls` do not cooperate. I achieved acceptable pathing by moving the files to  `C:\cygwin64\home\Kevin\local\avr\bin` Then, in a `WINDOWS` command prompt running (Adjusting your path for username, etc. as needed):
+```
+C:\> set PATH=%PATH%;C:\cygwin64\home\Kevin\local\avr\bin
+```
+
+Then, rename `libusb0_x86.dll` to `libusb0.dll`.
+ 
+You can tell that you were successful by trying to execute 'dfu-programmer' from the 'cygwin' prompt:
+```
+$ which dfu-programmer
+/home/Kevin/local/avr/bin/dfu-programmer
+
+$ dfu-programmer
+dfu-programmer 0.7.2
+https://github.com/dfu-programmer/dfu-programmer
+Type 'dfu-programmer --help'    for a list of commands
+     'dfu-programmer --targets' to list supported target devices
+```
+
+If you are not getting the above result, you will not be able to flash the firmware! 
+- Try making sure your `PATH` variables are set correctly for both `Windows` and `cygwin`. 
+- Make sure the `dll` is named correctly.
+- Do not extract it with `cygwin`'s `unzip` as it does not set the executable permission. If you did it anyway, do `chmod +x dfu-programmer.exe`.
+- Still have problems? Try building it instead.
+
+
+##Debugging Tools
+
+These tools are for debugging your firmware, etc. before flashing. Theoretically, it can save your memory from wearing out. However, these tool do not work 100% for the Planck firmware.
+
+### `gdb` for AVR
+`gdb` has a simulator for AVR but it does not support all instructions (like WDT), so it immediately crashes when running the Planck firmware (because `lufa.c` disables the WDT in the first few lines of execution). But it can still be useful in debugging example code and test cases, if you know how to use it.
+
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ git clone git://sourceware.org/git/binutils-gdb.git
+$ cd binutils-gdb
+$ mkdir obj-avr
+$ cd obj-avr
+$ ../configure --prefix=$PREFIX --target=avr --build=x86_64-unknown-cygwin --with-gmp=/usr/local --with-mpfr=/usr/local --with-mpc=/usr/local --disable-nls --enable-static
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+### `simulavr`
+`simulavr` is an AVR simulator.  It runs the complied AVR elfs. `simulavr` does not support the `atmega32u4` device... it does `atmega32` but that is not good enough for the firmware (no PORTE and other things), so you cannot run the Planck firmware. I use it to simulate ideas I have for features in separate test projects.
+
+This one is a major pain in the butt because it has a lot of dependencies and it is buggy.  I will do my best to explain it but... it was hard to figure out. A few things need to be changed in the 'Makefile' to make it work in `cygwin`.
+
+
+```
+$ cd ~/src
+$ git clone https://github.com/Traumflug/simulavr.git
+$ cd simulavr
+$ ./bootstrap
+$ ./configure --prefix=$PREFIX --enable-static --disable-tcl --disable-doxygen-doc
+```
+ Edit `src/Makefile.am` now so that `-no-undefined` is included (I did this by removing the SYS_MINGW conditional surrounding `libsim_la_LDFLAGS += -no-undefined` and  `libsimulavr_la_LDFLAGS += -no-undefined \ libsimulavr_la_LIBADD += $(TCL_LIB)`. Also, `$(EXEEXT)` is added after `kbdgentables` in two places.
+
+```
+$ make
+$ make install
+```
+
+
+TODO:
+- git repos for all sources
+- command line magic for cygwin setup
+- better options for `dfu-drivers`